The Ugandan government reinstated the Amnesty Act in May 2013, which grants pardons to all LRA combatants, save the top commanders. Regional organizations, UN affiliates, and international NGOs have instituted Disarmament, Demobilization, Repatriation, Reintegration, and Resettlement (DDRRR) programs attempting to support combatants in the process of leaving the LRA. Defection efforts include leaflet drops, radio broadcasts, aerial loudspeakers, and the establishment of safety zones in which LRA combatants can seek amnesty and support.